{"id":17,"date":"2023-08-09T12:41:04","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T16:41:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/?page_id=17"},"modified":"2024-01-19T09:20:58","modified_gmt":"2024-01-19T14:20:58","slug":"research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/research\/","title":{"rendered":"Research"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t<p><strong>Lightning<\/strong><\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223549990?app_id=122963\" width=\"295\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\" title=\"c1_070609_15jul\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p><i>High-speed Imaging<\/i><\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"20160520_cine8\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223384732?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p><em>Interferometry Mapping<\/em><\/p>\n\t<strong>Starters, Jets and Gigantic Jets<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>Seven of those events observed above Dorian in 2013<\/em><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DorianJets\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223384647?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DorianJetsSlowMotion\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223384691?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<strong>Fractral Modeling of Jets\/Gigantic Jets<br \/>\n<\/strong>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"NarrowFlash\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223388821?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"480\" height=\"408\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<strong>Halos<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>A halo caused by a cloud-to-ground lightning flash (simulation)<\/em><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"positiveHalo\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223548500?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<strong>Sprites<\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/156\/2023\/08\/liu-2015-spriteinitiationimage.png\" alt=\"liu-2015-spriteinitiationimage\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"300\" width=\"300\" title=\"liu-2015-spriteinitiationimage\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\"  \/>\n\t<p><em>False color image of \u00a0a sprite<\/em><\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"negativeSpritesAndGJs\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223549437?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p>Here is another video clip that also contains a few meteors<\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"c1_070609_15jul\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223549990?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p><i>High speed video of sprite streamers (fine structure of sprites), courtesy Geoff McHarg\u00a0(USAFA) and Hans Stenbaek-Nielsen (UAF)<\/i><\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"waitD12A1L\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223548505?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<p><i>Sprite streamer initiation (simulation)<\/i><\/p>\n\t<strong>Elves<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>An elve doublet in the lower ionosphere caused by an intra-cloud discharge (the elve doublet shown under\u00a0three different viewing geometries)<\/em>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"elveDoublet1\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223387509?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"elveDoublet2\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223387520?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"elveDoublet3\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/223387512?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture\"><\/iframe>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lightning High-speed Imaging Interferometry Mapping Starters, Jets and Gigantic Jets Seven of those events observed above Dorian in 2013 Fractral Modeling of Jets\/Gigantic Jets Halos A halo caused by a cloud-to-ground lightning flash (simulation) Sprites False color image of \u00a0a sprite Here is another video clip that also contains a few meteors High speed video [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":213,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/213"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17\/revisions\/27"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usnh.edu\/ningyuliu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}